Nylon zoo li yog cov khoom siv ntawm kev xaiv rau piezoelectric textiles, vim hais tias kev lag luam textile raws li nylon tau tau paub tab heev, thiab nylon kuj muaj kev yooj yim piezoelectric siv lead ua theem. Yog tias koj coj mus rhaub nws, koj yuav tau sau nqi zoo kawg nkaus. Siab hnov thiab sau zog los ntawm ib puag ncig kev txav.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis yooj yim los tsim nylon rau hauv lub fiber thaum muab nws ua piezoelectric cov qauv siv lead ua. Kamal Asadi, kws tshawb fawb ntawm Max Planck lub koom haum rau Polymer Tshawb Fawb hauv tebchaws Ntsaws Mes Nis thiab tus kws tshaj lij ntawm University of Bath hauv tebchaws Askiv tau piav qhia:" Qhov no yuav luag nyuaj rau ib nrab xyoo." Hauv" tsis ntev los no; Cov Khoom Siv Ua Ntej Qib Siab" ceeb toom, nws thiab nws cov neeg sib koom tes piav qhia lawv yuav ua li cas daws cov teeb meem.
Lub piezoelectric theem ntawm nylon tsis yog tsuas yog txaus nyiam rau cov ntawv xov hluav taws xob, tab sis kuj nyiam rau ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov tsoos piezoelectric ceramics nrog siab brittleness. Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau ntau caum xyoo, tib txoj kev los tsim crystalline nylon nrog lub zog piezoelectric teb yog kom yaj nws, txias nws sai sai, thiab tom qab ntawd ncab nws kom hws mus rau hauv cov du δ' theem. Tus qauv tsim feem ntau yog kaum tawm ntawm microns tuab, uas yog tuab heev rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob lossis ntawv thov hluav taws xob.
Lub hav zoov ntawm" kev ua yeeb yam piezoelectric" qia los ntawm pawg amide ntawm cov ntu rov qab hauv cov nylon polymer saw thiab kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm lawv thiab pawg rau ib leeg nyob ntawm cov xov sib txuas. Thaum cov amides no muaj kev ywj pheej txhim kho lawv qhov xaim hluav taws xob nrog thaj chaw hluav taws xob, nws yog qhov ua tau kom tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm cov nyhuv piezoelectric hauv cov khoom, uas tau pom ua ntej thaum 1980s. Txawm li cas los xij, dab tsi tshwm sim nyob rau hauv feem ntau crystalline theem ntawm nylon yog tias cov amides tsim muaj zog hydrogen ua ke nrog amides ntawm lwm cov polymer txuas, txhav tas lawv txoj haujlwm thiab tiv thaiv lawv los kho dua tshiab thiab kho kom haum. Yog li ntawd, qhov kev cov nyom uas peb ntsib yog nrhiav txoj hauv kev tsim cov theem uas tso cai rau amide kho kom zoo dua yam tsis muaj kev txwv rau cov morphology uas nws tsim tau thaum lub sijhawm yaj, txias thiab ncab.
Thaum cov pab pawg tshawb fawb feem ntau nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb tau tso dag zog los tsim cov piezoelectric film lossis cov fibers nyob rau xyoo 1990, Asadi pawg tau tuaj rau" tus tub ntxhais kawm tau zoo ntawm textile engineer" Saleem Anwar, uas tau tshoov Asadi kom them sai sai rau qhov teeb meem no. Cov. Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau txiav txim siab thawj qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua cov nylon hauv ib theem nrog lub zog piezoelectric. Cov txheej txheem ntawm yaj, txias thiab ncab yog nyob ntawm nylon txias sai, yog li Asadi thiab Anwar thiab lawv cov sib koom tes kawm txog yuav ua li cas thiaj li tau txais tib cov nyhuv los ntawm kev nylon nylon hauv qhov hnyav thiab tom qab ntawd sai sai cov kuab tshuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kuab tshuaj zoo li yuav nylon nylon los ntawm kev tawm tsam cov daim ntawv cog lus hydrogen ntawm cov amides thiab tsim cov ntawv cog lus hydrogen hauv lawv txoj haujlwm, yog li nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem tshem tawm ntawm cov kuab tshuaj.
Muaj ib hnub, thaum Anwar siv cov tshuaj acetone rau kev ntxuav tawm tom qab kev sim, nws tau qhia rau Asadi qhov kev soj ntsuam coj txawv txawv tias nws tau sim siv trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) los ua cov kuab tshuaj los tsim cov nylon zaj duab xis thiab ua kom tawg. Kev siv cov roj nplua nuj nylon dhau los ua cov pob tshab. Pab neeg tau xav tias kev lees paub sai yuav tsum qhia qhov kev tawm tsam, yog li lawv siv trifluoroacetic acid thiab acetone los daws thiab sim siv nws los ua cov nylon. Nco ntsoov txaus, tom qab lub lim tiam, cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau cov txiaj ntsig xav tau.
Anwar poob siab nrhiav qhov hydrogen ntawv nyiaj ntawm acetone thiab TFA, uas yog ib qho muaj zog tshaj plaws hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus nyob hauv zej zog scientific. Yog li ntawd, thaum cov kws tshawb nrhiav kis tau qhov kev daws teeb meem ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev siab kom yaj cov kuab tshuaj, raws li Asadi tau hais tias:" Nws' s yuav luag zoo li acetone yog tuav TFA lwg me me ntawm tes, coj lawv tawm ntawm nylon, tsim ib qho piezoelectric siv lead ua theem."
Tus kws tshawb fawb yog thawj tsim cov zaj duab nylon nrog lub zog piezoelectric teb. Tab sis qhov no tsis tau daws qhov teeb meem ntawm kev tsim cov fibers, vim hais tias cov txheej txheem ntau lawm tseem sib xws nrog lub tshuab nqus tsev siab. Yog li lawv tau kawm lwm txoj hauv kev los tswj kev daws teeb meem hnyav. Lawv tsom mus rau kev tsim cov fibers los ntawm electrospinning. Hauv cov txheej txheem electrospinning, hluav taws xob teb tau txais cov tshuaj polymer rau hauv cov fibers nrog txoj kab uas hla me me li kaum tawm ntawm nanometers hauv qhov dav. Qhov siab thaj tsam piv ntawm cov fiber ua cov ua kom muaj kuab tshuaj. tus nqi. Tom qab ntawd, tus yuam sij yog sib npaug qhov no nrog qhov pom kev ntawm cov tshuaj polymer thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kom lwm yam tsis tiv thaiv kev tsim cov fibers hauv qhov muaj nqi δ' theem.
Cov kws tshawb nrhiav tau pom tias cov plaub hau txog 200 nanometers dav muaj" qab zib chaw" ntawm cov sib tw yam. Kev ntsuas qhov ntsuas tau ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm tsim tau nyob rau hauv ib ntu ntawm kev siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob nrog zaus ntawm 8 Hz qhia tau tias 200-nanometer δ' theem fiber ntau ua rau 6 V, thaum nqaim fiber ntau ua kom tsawg dua 0.6 V vim tias cov kev dav no. Qhov tseeb ntsig txog qhov nqaim ua rau theem ua los ntawm lub fiber ntau tsis muaj piezoelectric teb.
Qhov tseeb, nyob rau hauv qhov dav thoob plaws nyob ib ncig ntawm 1000nm, lub fiber ntau dhau mus muab cov kuab tshuaj kom zoo dua thiab nrawm. Nylon ua rau γ crystalline theem nrog tsuas yog tsis muaj zog piezoelectric teb. Hauv cov fibers loj dua, cov lus sib txawv ntawm piezoelectric ntawm γ theem tsis zoo, uas tau them nyiaj rau qee qhov los ntawm cov ntim cov fiber ntau loj, uas ua rau muaj 4V muaj peev xwm. Txawm li cas los xij, 200nm δ' qib fiber ntau tseem muaj qhov zoo dua ntawm cov lus teb muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua.
